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How Body Composition Analysers Work
Your body composition analyser uses bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to estimate what your body is made of. It sends a small, safe electrical current through your body and measures how much resistance the current encounters.
Different tissues conduct electricity differently because they contain different amounts of water. Muscle contains more water, so it conducts the current more easily, while fat contains less water and creates greater resistance. Your analyser uses these differences, along with other measurements, to estimate your body fat, muscle mass, and water levels.
Single-Frequency vs Multi-Frequency BIA
Most consumer scales use single-frequency BIA, running one test at 50 kHz. This gives you a quick estimate of your body composition.
Professional and medical-grade devices use multi-frequency BIA instead. They sweep a range of frequencies, commonly between 5 and 500 kHz, to separate intracellular water from extracellular water with more precision. The Seca mBCA range uses this method and appears throughout clinical and sports science settings, where practitioners have validated it against gold-standard methods such as DEXA scans and hydrostatic weighing. Researchers at NASA’s Johnson Space Center have used multi-frequency BIA to track astronaut body composition in demanding environments.
Segmental Analysis and Phase Angle
Segmental analysis measures your arms, legs, and trunk as separate zones, rather than treating your body as one uniform conductor. This gives you a more detailed breakdown and forms the basis of every professional-grade composition analyser.
Getting Consistent Results
Consistent results depend on consistent conditions. Test at the same time of day, stay similarly hydrated, and skip intense exercise in the 12 hours before your session. These habits keep your readings comparable over time and let you track real changes in your body composition.
What Metrics Do Body Composition Analysers Measure?
A quality body composition analyser does not just give you one number - it delivers a full panel of health metrics, each telling a different part of your body’s story.
- Body fat percentage is the proportion of your total weight that is fat. Healthy ranges differ by sex and age; as a general reference, athletic males typically fall between 10 and 20%, while athletic females typically fall between 18 and 28%.
- Skeletal muscle mass is the total weight of muscle attached to the skeleton. This is a key indicator for athletes monitoring training adaptation and for older adults managing sarcopenia risk.
- Visceral fat rating is fat stored around the internal organs, rated on a scale of 1 to 59 on most professional composition analysers. Ratings above 13 are generally associated with elevated metabolic risk.
- Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the estimated number of calories your body burns at rest. Useful for setting realistic calorie targets alongside a nutrition plan.
- Body water percentage is the total body water expressed as a percentage of body weight. The normal range is approximately 45 to 65%, varying with age and sex.
- Bone mass is the estimated bone mineral content, useful for monitoring changes over time, particularly for those with osteoporosis risk factors.
- Metabolic age compares your BMR against the average for your chronological age group, giving a useful at-a-glance indicator of metabolic health.
- BMI, included on most devices for reference, though body composition metrics give a considerably more actionable picture than BMI alone, which cannot distinguish fat mass from muscle mass.
Choosing the Right Body Composition Analyser
Not all body composition analysers are built the same. The right choice depends on whether you need a home wellness tracker or a clinical-grade device for a gym, clinic, or sports facility. Here are the key factors to consider.
Electrode configuration is the single biggest determinant of accuracy. Basic 2-electrode (foot-to-foot) scales measure a single pathway through the lower body. 4-electrode (hand-to-foot) devices add a second pathway for improved whole-body accuracy. 8-electrode devices measure multiple segmental pathways simultaneously and represent the professional standard for a composition analyser used in a gym or clinical setting.
Measurement frequency separates consumer from professional devices. Single-frequency BIA at 50 kHz is adequate for general home tracking. Multi-frequency BIA, as found in the Seca mBCA series, sweeps a broader frequency range to separately quantify intracellular and extracellular water, producing more precise results for clinical or performance applications.
User capacity and weight limit vary significantly. Consumer models typically support up to 150-180 kg. Professional devices are built for a wider population and often accommodate up to 300 kg, which is an important consideration for gym and clinic operators.
Connectivity matters for ongoing tracking. Bluetooth and Wi-Fi sync to dedicated apps enables trend analysis over weeks and months, which is where the real value of a body composition analyser lies. For clinic and gym use, look for devices that support unlimited client records rather than the 4 to 10 profiles typical of home models.
Certifications are worth checking for clinical environments. CE marking confirms compliance with UK and EU medical device regulations, while IEC 60601 certification applies to medical electrical equipment used in professional settings.
If you are unsure which device suits your needs, our team is available by phone, email, or live chat - and you will speak to a real person, not a bot.
Frequently Asked Questions
How accurate are body composition analysers?
BIA-based body composition analysers are clinically validated and typically show a variance of plus or minus 1 to 2 percentage points against DEXA scan results when used under consistent conditions. For best accuracy, measure at the same time of day, after a 2- to 3-hour fast, and avoid intense exercise in the 12 hours before measurement.
Can I use a body composition analyser if I have a pacemaker?
No. The electrical current used in BIA can interfere with implanted electronic devices, including pacemakers and implantable defibrillators. Anyone with an implanted cardiac device should consult their physician before use.
Can pregnant women use a body composition analyser?
BIA is not recommended during pregnancy. The significant fluid shifts that occur during pregnancy can produce unreliable readings, and the safety of the electrical current for the fetus has not been fully established.
How often should I measure my body composition?
For most users, weekly or fortnightly measurements taken at the same time of day - ideally in the morning, after using the bathroom and before eating - give the most meaningful trend data. Day-to-day hydration fluctuations make daily comparisons unreliable.
Does hydration affect the results?
Yes, significantly. BIA measures impedance through body water, so dehydration artificially inflates body fat readings while over-hydration suppresses them. Consistent hydration conditions at the time of measurement are essential for reliable trend tracking.
What is the difference between a body composition analyser and a regular bathroom scale?
A standard scale measures only total body weight. A body composition analyser uses BIA to separately quantify fat mass, muscle mass, bone mass, and body water, giving you a far more actionable picture of your health than a single weight reading.
Let customers speak for us
West Sussex Sept 2026
I am very happy with the Camilla Sauna
I am very happy with the Camilla Sauna. I elected for the Sauna to be constructed by Heracles which I'd recommend as the fitters know exactly what they are doing and it's more than a normal DIY job. My elecrician found it trickey to wire in but once sorted the results are excellent. The Sauna is a good size and will fit 4 people easily. It heats up quickly and looks good. Great value against some others.
Camilla 3–4 Person Traditional Outdoor Sauna Complete Kit
Darius
Great sauna, smooth order and installation process
Had the Camilla 3-4 person sauna installed by the Heracles team — delivered and fully assembled the same day.
Our electrician needed a bit of time to get to grips with the wiring, but Abdul from customer support helped talk him through it. Abdul was helpful throughout, always quick to respond to questions.
Heats up quickly in the current weather, though we haven't tried it in winter yet so can't speak to performance in colder conditions.
Very happy to recommend Heracles.
Camilla 3–4 Person Traditional Outdoor Sauna Complete Kit
Graham O
Kuro Infra Red Sauna
From my initial enquiry to installation Keith from Heracles has been very helpful. The whole buying journey was smooth and customer focused. The installation team were on time and cleaned up after installing the sauna. The sauna itself is great quality and looks even better than the website photos. Highly recommend this product
Kuro 2 Person Full Spectrum Infrared Sauna with Red Light Therapy
Jeremy Lake District
Great sauna but more importantly great service
Summary: A great sauna and more importantly a very good experience buying, installing and minor issue resolution.
I bought this sauna for a holiday let I own in the Lake District. Keith and the team talked me through the options particularly as this is quite an exposed location. Unlike the other companies I spoke to, they were very upfront about the work needed and costs to install above the unit purchase price.
Unit bought and arranged a few weeks ahead when I didnt have guests and I would be in the area and on hand. Team and pack arrived at the right time and installed without issue. The electrician then attended the following day from a list of recommendations who also did a straight forward ontime on price good job.
A couple of months on there was a minor issue with the door and teh huum controller, both sorted very quickly and not noticed by the holiday guests
I am sure you can buy a cheaper sauna but in this case I have no issues during and after the installation. Will use again when I need more equipment like this in future
Leil® Round Cube Double Outdoor Sauna with Changing Room 5-6 Person
Sam G
Exceptional ice bath!
This is a very high quality product, backed by exceptional service from all members of the team.
The ice bath is beautifully constructed and feels really to use The seat is deep enough to get water over the shoulders and you can fully submerge as needed.
The chiller is easy to use on the app, gets the water cold quickly and maintains a clean and cold bath ready to use any time.
Pairs beautifully with the sauna, thank you Keith, Pawel and the rest of the team!
Glacier Cold Plunge with 2HP Smart Chiller
Joao Pedro Jorge
Brilliant and spacious sauna
We're super happy with the Leil Patio sauna. Not only it looks great it seems extremely well built. Keith's team did a great job assembling it and we're looking forward to many sauna sessions.
The changing rooms is a lot more spacious than it seems in the photos and definitely a plus for a break without having to go outside.
Leil® Patio M 5 Person Outdoor Sauna with Changing Room
Rog L
Löyly in Lancashire!
I recently received the Camilla sauna from Heracles Wellness, and the entire experience, from initial enquiry through to installation and daily use has been absolutely first-class.
A massive thank you to Keith and the wider sales team. Keith was fantastic to deal with: knowledgeable, patient, and completely transparent throughout the process. Keith answered all my questions with genuine expertise and made sure I chose the exact setup suited to my space and needs.
The assembly team deserves equal praise. They arrived promptly, worked cleanly and efficiently, and paid meticulous attention to detail during the build. They treated our property with total respect and took the time to walk us through the controls and maintenance before leaving.
As for the Camilla sauna itself, it has exceeded all expectations!
Stunning Design: It looks gorgeous—the craftsmanship, wood finish, and overall aesthetics make it a real focal point.
Flawless (and easy) operation: It heats up quickly, maintains consistent temperature effortlessly, and delivers an incredible sauna experience every single session. I'm generally having 2-3 sessions as week at ~90deg for 20mins.
If you are considering investing in a high-quality sauna and want seamless customer service from people who genuinely care about what they do, look no further than these guys. I cannot recommend Keith and the entire HW team highly enough!
Camilla 3–4 Person Traditional Outdoor Sauna Complete Kit
Anonymous
Absolutely delighted with the modus sauna
Absolutely delighted with the modus sauna. Very high quality product. I would highly recommend this model as the kit is high spec, I put it together with my dad who is a tradesman. If you build this yourself I would recommend getting someone who is experienced in tools/building. We got an electrician to install all the heater. Couldn’t fault the customer service with the Heracles and Wellness team who kept me updated with the delivery of sauna and any queries I had. A special mention to Abdullah who has been really efficient. If buying a sauna would highly recommend Heracles and Wellness.
Modus Outdoor Sauna 3-4 Person with Harvia Cilindro PC70 Heater and Stones - Kit
Chris Trodd
First class service and highly competitive pricing
First class service and highly competitive pricing.
The whole process went really well.
We had an issue with the lifter supplied and so it was returned and a timely refund issued.
The delivery team from Trinity spa's were first class too. All highly professional.
Remember the tub comes without a flex and plug so we purchased from Screwfix Flexi cable 10m coil 3 core 1.5mm and a plug ! Easy installation.
If you purchase a rear mounted lifter, I suggest you add a additional piece of 3" x 2" to attach to the main frame to help support the lifter.
I am running the tub on eco3spa chlorine free products. Water remains crystal clear and odourless.
All in all a great investment and a lot of fun too.
Equinox EQ570 Lite 5 Person Hot Tub 13 Amp
Natalie Allison
So pleased with our Camille cube sauna
Really pleased with my Camille cube sauna. I did lots of research before purchasing and Heracles came out top. Evem our beach sauna guy sang their praises. Keith and team were great, moving delivery date when I wasn't ready and with lots of advice during our build. Though I had my own joiner I would recommend using their installation team as they have the expertise. We are so happy with the purchase and look forward to enjoying the benefits for many years to come.
Camilla 3–4 Person Traditional Outdoor Sauna Complete Kit
Steve Daniel
Honest Review…..and its Big Yes from me
The only way to truly rate a product is by considering the whole process start to finish and I will say with all honesty, that I found the information before hand and the purchasing process very satisfying. It certainly helped that the web page was extremely thorough so there was no doubt about what you were receiving.
The delivery was seamless on a date of my choice, and the team of fitters who turned up shortly afterwards, were very polite and friendly. I had concerns over freshly laid grass but I need not have worried. They laid a ground sheet and worked precisely and efficiently to a finish about 4hrs later. Although they left the waste, it was left tidily and made disposing of it a simple task. A real pleasure to deal with tradesmen who clearly enjoyed their work and did it with an old fashioned ethic.
I’ve since treated the outside of the sauna but not the inside so I’m yet to use it but it blends wonderfully in with my garden.
On a final note, I reviewed and researched garden saunas for a long time before deciding that Herecles ticked all my boxes. The materials used plus the extras made it stand out from the crowd and I can honestly say that the reality certainly matched the hype.
Camilla Mini 2 Person Traditional Outdoor Sauna Complete Kit
Calum Smith
New Garden Sauna
Our Camilla 3-4 person suana does exactly as stated on the box. It heats up quickly and you can get in after about 20 min although 30 allows it to reach the temperature we like. I built it myself and found that it went together relatively easily. You have to be a bit careful with the thermowood as it is very brittle and when interlocking the ends can sometimes split away but this is not a real issue if you are careful with it.
I had my local electrician wire up the heater and again that was a relatively simple job.
We have only had two people in it to date but more than enough room for 3 or 4.
Bought a cheap and cheerful cold water plunge pool and works well with the sauna.
Overall very pleased and would recommend one if you are looking at a simple set up for your garden.
Camilla 3–4 Person Traditional Outdoor Sauna Complete Kit
Neil Martin
Superb in every way!
They say ‘happy wife, happy life’. Well I can vouch for that, we are both extremely happy with our latest addition to home set-up.
From the beginning the sauna was easy to purchase and get delivered (with in a couple of weeks due to stock levels). I had to hand ball off the lorry as the pallet it comes in was too big for the tail lift but that’s about the most difficult part of the whole process.
Instructions were fairly straightforward though I am a builder so have experience in this sort of thing. But most handy DIYers will find this easy enough to build.
If you plan in the time to paint various woods at different stages of the build it will help. i.e paint interior wall and benches prior to fitting the benches makes its easier to reach those otherwise hard to reach places.
The guys sent a really great link with electrical details needed for your electrician so you can prep ahead of time and get materials in place for their arrival. Think it took my guy about three hours to hook it up.
Quality of the thermo wood is excellent keeps the heat in really well. The Heater is easy to operate and within 20mins it’s ready to jump in. Max heat will in time reach 90+degrees which is too hot for me.
Already have friends and family asking about it.
Camilla 3–4 Person Traditional Outdoor Sauna Complete Kit
Dean Wilde
Amazing product, exceptional service
The quality of the black cube sauna really is top notch, from the roof shingles to the heater every component is quality.
Delivery was perfect, on time and professional. The driver contacted me on route with an ETA and went out of his way to help me get the large pallet into my garage.
I chose to build the sauna myself which was relatively straightforward and quite enjoyable. The construction guide was comprehensive and easy to follow.
We use our new sausa almost every day and couldn't be happier.
Would certainly recommend Heracles and the black cube to anyone considering an outdoor sauna.
Leil® Black Cube Classic 4 Person Outdoor Sauna Kit
Jemma
Fabulous Sauna
We are delighted with our sauna. Ordering was easy and we opted for the install option too. Make sure you use electricians willing to ask for advice from the Heracles team if needed as that supports a smooth installation. Really happy that we chose Heracles. You don’t need to spend a fortune to get a quality product that does the job beautifully.
Camilla 3–4 Person Traditional Outdoor Sauna Complete Kit
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